{"id":2674,"date":"2015-02-13T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2015-02-13T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/chicago\/articles\/el-metro-aerien-transport-historique\/"},"modified":"2020-07-10T11:17:09","modified_gmt":"2020-07-10T16:17:09","slug":"el-metro-aerien-transport-historique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/chicago\/articles\/el-metro-aerien-transport-historique\/","title":{"rendered":"Le \u00ab EL \u00bb, le m\u00e9tro mythique de Chicago"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Le \u00ab <em>EL<\/em> \u00bb : \u00e9labor\u00e9, \u00e9lectrique, \u00e9largi.. \u00e9l\u00e9mentaire mon cher<\/h2>\n<p>Une des premi\u00e8res villes am\u00e9ricaines \u00e0 se doter d\u2019un <strong>m\u00e9tro a\u00e9rien<\/strong> (la premi\u00e8re \u00e9tant New York en 1867), Chicago n\u2019a pas \u00e0 rougir de son syst\u00e8me. Initialement le \u00ab <em>Chicago and South Side Rapid Tranist Railroad<\/em> \u00bb, le m\u00e9tro prenait la forme d\u2019une locomotive \u00e0 vapeur qui tirait 4 petits <strong>wagons<\/strong> en bois et reliait la 39th Street \u00e0 Congress Street en un quart d\u2019heure.<\/p>\n\r\n\t<div class=\"sponsor__article sponsor__article--left\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"inner\">\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"sponsor__by\">Pr&eacute;sent&eacute; par...<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/expatcarprogram.intlauto.com\/French-District-FR.html\" target=\"_blank\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"sponsor__illus\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/05\/international-autosource-acheter-louer-leasing-voiture-etats-unis-expatrie-380_5852325_5803653.jpg\" alt=\"Leasing et Financement de voiture pour les expatri\u00e9s &#8211; International AutoSource\" \/><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"sponsor__content\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"sponsor__title\">Leasing et Financement de voiture pour les expatri\u00e9s &#8211; International AutoSource<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"sponsor__slogan\">Une voiture sans \u00ab credit history \u00bb, c'est possible !<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vce-button vce-button--small\" style=\"background-color: #444444;\"><i class=\"fa fa-hand-o-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">&nbsp;<\/i>Leasing et Financement de voiture pour les expatri\u00e9s &#8211; International AutoSource<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>Sans faire l\u2019unanimit\u00e9 \u2013 des m\u00e9decins ont clam\u00e9 au d\u00e9but que le <strong>train<\/strong> pouvait provoquer des paralysies, des m\u00e9ningites ou encore la mort \u2013 le m\u00e9tro de Chicago se d\u00e9ploie depuis dans la ville. C\u2019est aujourd\u2019hui le 2\u00e8me plus grand syst\u00e8me de <strong>transport<\/strong> des Etats-Unis, et il doit son surnom \u00ab<em> EL<\/em> \u00bb ou \u00ab<em> L<\/em> \u00bb au fait que la plupart de ses lignes soient sur-EL-ev\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p>Le \u00ab <em>L<\/em> \u00bb est en effet rest\u00e9 a\u00e9rien longtemps, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019apparition de la premi\u00e8re <strong>ligne<\/strong> sous terre en 1943, et le syst\u00e8me sous-terrain se d\u00e9ploie aujourd\u2019hui uniquement \u00e0 downtown, alors que les m\u00e9tros a\u00e9riens vont jusqu\u2019en banlieue. Le <strong>r\u00e9seau<\/strong> est l\u2019un des rares du pays o\u00f9 l\u2019on peut aller aux 2 principaux a\u00e9roports de la ville en m\u00e9tro.<\/p>\n<p>En 1945, la CTA \u00ab <em>Chicago Tranist Authority<\/em> \u00bb \u00e9tait cr\u00e9\u00e9e, et elle g\u00e8re depuis 1947 le \u00ab <em>EL<\/em> \u00bb. Le m\u00e9tro n\u2019a depuis cess\u00e9 de se moderniser m\u00eame s\u2019il est av\u00e9r\u00e9 que le bruit du \u00ab <em>EL \u00bb<\/em> a fait frissonner plus d\u2019un Chicagolais, et r\u00e9veill\u00e9 plus d\u2019un assoupi.<\/p>\n<h2>Les 8 lignes du EL de Chicago<\/h2>\n<h3>Bleue (Blue)<\/h3>\n<p>La 2\u00e8me ligne la plus emprunt\u00e9e, elle est en service 24h\/24 et 7j\/7. Elle peut partir de l\u2019a\u00e9roport O\u2019Hare jusqu\u2019\u00e0 Forest Park, et passe par Downtown.<\/p>\n<h3>Marron (Marron)<\/h3>\n<p>La ligne relie Kimball et entoure Downtown au niveau de la \u00ab <em>loop<\/em> \u00bb avant de repartir sur ses pas.<\/p>\n<h3>Vert (Green)<\/h3>\n<p>Depuis Harlem Park, la ligne passe par Downtown, et continue jusqu\u2019\u00e0 Garfield avant de se s\u00e9parer en 2 et de s\u2019arr\u00eater \u00e0 la 63rd Street ou \u00e0 Cottage Grove.<\/p>\n<h3>Orange<\/h3>\n<p>La <strong>ligne<\/strong> part de l\u2019a\u00e9roport Midway, et s\u2019enroule \u00e0 Downtown avant de revenir \u00e0 son point de d\u00e9part.<\/p>\n<h3>Purple (Violet)<\/h3>\n<p>Elle seconde la ligne en p\u00e9riode de Rush, et part de la banlieue Evanston de puis Linden Avenue, et emprunte la petite \u00ab <em>loop<\/em> \u00bb de Downtown avant de rebrousser chemin.<\/p>\n<h3>Rouge (Red)<\/h3>\n<p>C\u2019est la plus populaire, et elle fonctionne 24h\/24 et 7j\/7. Elle relie Howard Street et Dan Ryan Highway, transper\u00e7ant Downtown sur State Street.<\/p>\n<h3>Rose (Pink)<\/h3>\n<p>La ligne rose part de la 54th Street et rejoint la \u00ab <em>Loop<\/em> \u00bb, avant de revenir sur ses <strong>rails<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3>Jaune (Yellow)<\/h3>\n<p>Toute petite ligne de 8 km, la ligne jaune part de la banlieue Skokie, et c\u2019est la seule qui n\u2019emprunte pas la \u00ab <em>Loop<\/em> \u00bb, et qui se contente de relier Skokie \u00e0 Howard Street.<\/p>\n<h2>Le trajet \u00e0 ne pas rater<\/h2>\n<p>Sautez dans un <strong>m\u00e9tro<\/strong> de la ligne Brown, \u00e0 Fullerton ou Armitage, et restez jusqu\u2019\u00e0 Clark. Vous passez au milieu de downtown, si pr\u00e8s des buildings que vous pensez pouvoir les toucher.<\/p>\n<h2>Le El en quelques chiffres<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>8 lignes<\/li>\n<li>145 stations<\/li>\n<li>229,12 millions de personnes utilisent le L tous les ans<\/li>\n<li>1,356 wagons de m\u00e9tro<\/li>\n<li>D\u00e9buts : 6 juin 1892<\/li>\n<li>Longueur : 165,4 km<\/li>\n<li>Vitesse maximum : 89 km\/h.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Combien \u00e7a co\u00fbte ?<\/h2>\n<p>Un <strong>trajet<\/strong> unique : 2,25$. Etudiants : 75 cents.<br \/>\nPass 1 jour (bus compris) : 10$.<br \/>\nPass 3 jours 20$.<br \/>\nPass 7 jours : 28$.<br \/>\nPass 30 jours : 100$.<\/p>\n<p>Les machines automatiques sont situ\u00e9es \u00e0 chaque <strong>station<\/strong>, mais elles ne rendent pas la monnaie. Donc pr\u00e9parez bien l\u2019acompte.<\/p>\n<i class=\"fa fa-link\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.transitchicago.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">TransitChicago.com<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pour savoir o\u00f9 est votre <strong>m\u00e9tro<\/strong> : <i class=\"fa fa-link\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.transitchicago.com\/traintracker\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">TransitChicago.com\/traintracker<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Pour consulter les horaires : <i class=\"fa fa-link\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.transitchicago.com\/travel_information\/schedules.aspx?source_quicklinks=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">TransitChicago.com\/Travel_Information\/Schedules<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Pour consulter les cartes : <i class=\"fa fa-link\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.transitchicago.com\/travel_information\/maps\/default.aspx?source_quicklinks=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">TransitChicago.com\/Travel_Information\/Maps<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6>Cr\u00e9dits photo : CaviarStock<\/h6>\n\r\n<div class=\"fd-citation citation-full\" itemscope=\"\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\">\r\n<div class=\"citation-texte\" itemprop=\"citation\">On ne perd rien \u00e0 \u00eatre poli, sauf sa place dans le m\u00e9tro. <\/div><div class=\"citation-author\" itemprop=\"author\">Tristan Bernard<\/div><\/div>\n<h2>Vous \u00eates \u00e0 la recherche d&#8217;un appartement\/maison \u00e0 Chicago?<br \/>\n<b>\u00c9crivez-nous!<\/b><\/h2>\n<a name=\"contactfd\" style=\"display: block;position: relative;top: -150px;visibility: hidden;\"><\/a><script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n\/* <![CDATA[ *\/\nvar 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Initialement le \u00ab Chicago and South Side Rapid Tranist Railroad \u00bb, le m\u00e9tro prenait la forme d\u2019une locomotive [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12706,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[199,1589],"tags":[322,323,324,325,230,326],"class_list":["post-2674","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tests","category-transport-etats-unis","tag-metro","tag-metro-aerien","tag-train","tag-transport-demenagement-francais","tag-transport-en-commun","tag-ville"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Le \u00ab EL \u00bb : m\u00e9tro a\u00e9rien historique de Chicago<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Depuis la fin des ann\u00e9es 1890, il permet d\u2019aller au 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