{"id":46269,"date":"2020-04-13T18:53:45","date_gmt":"2020-04-13T22:53:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/articles\/donner-sang-etats-unis-plasma\/"},"modified":"2025-05-18T08:23:09","modified_gmt":"2025-05-18T13:23:09","slug":"donner-sang-plasma-etats-unis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/articles\/donner-sang-plasma-etats-unis\/","title":{"rendered":"Donner son sang aux \u00c9tats-Unis"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Du sang, des chiffres et des lettres<\/h2>\n<h3>Sur les dons<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Les <strong>\u00c9tats-Unis<\/strong> ont besoin de plus de <strong>38 000 donations de sang<\/strong> par jour.<\/li>\n<li>La quantit\u00e9 de <strong>sang<\/strong> pr\u00e9lev\u00e9 lors d&#8217;un <strong>don<\/strong> se situe entre 420 et 480 ml (environ 1 pint). Ce volume est pr\u00e9lev\u00e9 en fonction du sexe, et du poids du <strong>donneur<\/strong> ( +\/- 70 ml de sang par kilo) mais est toujours inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 10 % du volume sanguin global. Par ailleurs, pour info, un accident grave de voiture peut n\u00e9cessiter jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 10 pints (4.7 litres).<\/li>\n<li>Il faut attendre 56 jours entre deux dons.<\/li>\n<li>5 millions, c\u2019est le nombre de patients qui ont subi une <strong>transfusion sanguine aux \u00c9tats-Unis<\/strong> en 2017.<\/li>\n<li>Si seulement 1% de plus de tous les Am\u00e9ricains <strong>donnaient leur sang<\/strong>, ou si tous les <strong>donneurs de sang<\/strong> donnaient trois fois par an au lieu de 2 actuellement, les p\u00e9nuries de sang dispara\u00eetraient rapidement.<\/li>\n<li>500 000 : le nombre d&#8217;Am\u00e9ricains qui ont <strong>donn\u00e9 leur sang<\/strong> dans les jours qui ont suivi les attentats du 11 septembre 2001.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Sur le sang<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2025\/05\/donner-sang-etats-unis.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-100782\" src=\"https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2025\/05\/donner-sang-etats-unis-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"donner-sang-etats-unis\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2025\/05\/donner-sang-etats-unis-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2025\/05\/donner-sang-etats-unis-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2025\/05\/donner-sang-etats-unis-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2025\/05\/donner-sang-etats-unis-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2025\/05\/donner-sang-etats-unis-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2025\/05\/donner-sang-etats-unis-810x810.jpg 810w, https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2025\/05\/donner-sang-etats-unis-1140x1140.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2025\/05\/donner-sang-etats-unis-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2025\/05\/donner-sang-etats-unis-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2025\/05\/donner-sang-etats-unis.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>Il existe quatre principaux types de globules rouges : A, B, AB et O. Chacun peut \u00eatre positif ou n\u00e9gatif pour le facteur Rh (facteur Rh\u00e9sus) . AB est le <strong>receveur universel<\/strong> ; O n\u00e9gatif est le <strong>donneur universel<\/strong> de globules rouges.<\/li>\n<li>Seulement 7% de la population a un sang de type <strong>O n\u00e9gatif<\/strong> (donneur universel).<\/li>\n<li>Seulement 3% de la population est de type <strong>AB positif<\/strong> (receveur universel).<\/li>\n<li>Les types O et AB sont les plus de demand\u00e9s, et donc souvent en \u201crupture de stock\u201d.<\/li>\n<li>Les <strong>donneurs<\/strong> peuvent soit <strong>donner leur sang<\/strong>, soit donner un de ses composants (<strong>plaquettes<\/strong>, <strong>plasma<\/strong>, <strong>globules rouges<\/strong>), dans ce cas la proc\u00e9dure s\u2019appelle l&#8217;<strong>aph\u00e9r\u00e8se<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Si on commence \u00e0 donner \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e2ge de 17 ans, tous les 56 jours, jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e2ge de 76 ans, on peut donner 181 litres environ et potentiellement sauver 1000 vies !<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>O\u00f9 donner son sang aux \u00c9tats-Unis<\/h2>\n<h3>La Croix Rouge<\/h3>\n<p>De mani\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, vous pouvez <strong>donner votre sang aux \u00c9tats-Unis<\/strong> dans les <strong>banques de sang des h\u00f4pitaux<\/strong>. Mais la grande majorit\u00e9 des collectes de sang (80%) sont <strong>mobiles<\/strong> dans les \u00e9coles, les \u00e9glises, les usines, les bureaux, les centres communautaires et de jeunesse et les clubs pour recueillir le sang des donneurs volontaires.<\/p>\n<p>Le programme <strong>Blood de l\u2019American Red Cross<\/strong> (Croix-Rouge Am\u00e9ricaine) a d\u00e9but\u00e9 en 1940 avec le Docteur Charles Drew. Aujourd&#8217;hui, la <strong>Croix-Rouge<\/strong> fournit 40% des besoins en sang de la nation dans presque 3 000 h\u00f4pitaux du pays. Beaucoup plus d\u2019informations sur leur <a href=\"http:\/\/redcrossblood.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>site officiel de la Croix-Rouge<\/strong>.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Pour<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.redcrossblood.org\/give.html\/find-drive\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> trouver un lieu de collecte de sang<\/a><\/strong> il vous suffit de visiter leur site.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_100783\" style=\"width: 820px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-100783\" class=\"size-large wp-image-100783\" src=\"https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2025\/05\/donner-son-sang-aux-etats-unis-bus-1024x455.jpg\" alt=\"donner-son-sang-aux-etats-unis-bus\" width=\"810\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2025\/05\/donner-son-sang-aux-etats-unis-bus-1024x455.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2025\/05\/donner-son-sang-aux-etats-unis-bus-300x133.jpg 300w, https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2025\/05\/donner-son-sang-aux-etats-unis-bus-768x341.jpg 768w, https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2025\/05\/donner-son-sang-aux-etats-unis-bus-1536x682.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2025\/05\/donner-son-sang-aux-etats-unis-bus-810x360.jpg 810w, https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2025\/05\/donner-son-sang-aux-etats-unis-bus-1140x506.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2025\/05\/donner-son-sang-aux-etats-unis-bus-600x267.jpg 600w, https:\/\/frenchdistrict.com\/texas\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2025\/05\/donner-son-sang-aux-etats-unis-bus.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 810px) 100vw, 810px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-100783\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px; font-style: italic;\">Cr\u00e9dit photo : <a style=\"color: #3d5185; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Big_Red_Bus,_Tifton.JPG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Michael Rivera<\/a> (<a style=\"color: #3d5185; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY-SA 3.0<\/a>)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<h3>La proc\u00e9dure pour donner son sang aux \u00c9tats-Unis<\/h3>\n<p>Elle dure environ 1 heure et se d\u00e9roule en trois temps :<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Premi\u00e8rement, l\u2019enregistrement : votre identit\u00e9 compl\u00e8te, adresse, les conditions basiques de l\u2019<strong>\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Puis, le questionnaire et l\u2019<strong>examen m\u00e9dical<\/strong> : certaines questions sur votre \u00e9tat de sant\u00e9, vos ant\u00e9c\u00e9dents m\u00e9dicaux, si vous prenez un traitement, si vous vous sentez bien, sans fi\u00e8vre ni douleur quelconque, si vous avez voyag\u00e9 r\u00e9cemment\u2026 \u00c0 noter que toutes les informations d\u00e9livr\u00e9es \u00e0 cette occasion sont garanties confidentielles par la<strong> Croix-Rouge<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Enfin, le<strong> don de sang<\/strong> classique prend environ 10 minutes, mais si vous <strong>donnez votre<\/strong> <strong>plasma<\/strong>, la proc\u00e9dure prend environ 2 heures. Ensuite, on vous servira une <a href=\"https:\/\/www.redcrossblood.org\/give.html\/find-drive\"><strong>collation<\/strong><\/a> (on est aux <strong>\u00c9tats-Unis<\/strong> !) et vous pourrez reprendre une activit\u00e9 normale.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Qui peut donner son sang aux \u00c9tats-Unis?<\/h2>\n<h3>La r\u00e8gle<\/h3>\n<p>En principe, <strong>toute personne peut donner son sang aux \u00c9tats-Unis<\/strong>\u00a0si :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Elle a 17 ans (ou 16 avec un consentement parental). Il n\u2019y a a priori pas d&#8217;\u00e2ge maximal, d\u00e8s lors que le<strong> donneur<\/strong> est en bonne sant\u00e9<\/li>\n<li>Elle p\u00e8se au moins 50 kg.<\/li>\n<li>Elle est en bonne sant\u00e9 au moment du don.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Enfin, sur place, la pratique syst\u00e9matique d\u2019un <strong>rapide examen m\u00e9dical<\/strong> ainsi qu\u2019un mini questionnaire m\u00e9dical finissent de d\u00e9terminer l&#8217;\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 du donneur.<\/p>\n<h3>Les exceptions<\/h3>\n<p>Toutefois, certaines personnes ne sont pas \u00e9ligibles au <strong>don de sang<\/strong>, soit \u00e0 cause d&#8217;<strong>ant\u00e9c\u00e9dents m\u00e9dicaux<\/strong>, soit \u00e0 cause de maladies, soit encore \u00e0 cause de <strong>traitements m\u00e9dicamenteux<\/strong>, notamment :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Traitements antibiotiques ou prise de Roaccutane contre l\u2019acn\u00e9.<\/li>\n<li>Vaccins datant de moins de 4 semaines (notamment BCG, fi\u00e8vre jaune, rougeole, rub\u00e9ole, oreillons).<\/li>\n<li>Fi\u00e8vre datant de moins de 2 semaines.<\/li>\n<li>Ant\u00e9c\u00e9dent de paludisme.<\/li>\n<li>Infections actives transmissibles par le sang : h\u00e9patites virales, syphilis, infection par le VIH ou par le HTLV, maladie de Chagas\u2026<\/li>\n<li>Soin dentaire en raison d\u2019un risque de passage de bact\u00e9ries dans le sang (d\u00e9lai variant de 24 heures apr\u00e8s le traitement d\u2019une carie ou un d\u00e9tartrage \u00e0 une semaine apr\u00e8s une extraction dentaire ou un traitement de racine).<\/li>\n<li>Intervention chirurgicale ou examen endoscopique dans les 4 derniers mois.<\/li>\n<li>Traitement par hormones de croissance avant 1989.<br \/>\netc&#8230;<\/li>\n<li>Toutes personnes ayant r\u00e9sid\u00e9 en Europe 5 ans et plus apr\u00e8s le 1er janvier 1980 car elles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 potentiellement expos\u00e9es \u00e0 la Maladie de Creutzfeldt Jakob. Pour plus d&#8217;informations, r\u00e9f\u00e9rez-vous \u00e0 la <a href=\"https:\/\/www.redcrossblood.org\/donate-blood\/how-to-donate\/eligibility-requirements.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">page d&#8217;American Red Cross<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Cette liste n\u2019est pas exhaustive et la plupart de ces <strong>contre-indications<\/strong> sont temporaires. Par cons\u00e9quent, il est conseill\u00e9 de consulter son <strong>m\u00e9decin traitant<\/strong> ou le <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.redcrossblood.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">site officiel de la Croix-Rouge Don de Sang<\/a><\/strong> pour plus d\u2019infos.<\/p>\n<h3>Vous \u00eates \u00e0 la recherche d&#8217;un m\u00e9decin aux \u00c9tats-Unis?<br \/>\n\u00c9crivez-nous!<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a name=\"contactfd\" style=\"display: block;position: relative;top: -150px;visibility: hidden;\"><\/a><script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n\/* <![CDATA[ *\/\nvar gform;gform||(document.addEventListener(\"gform_main_scripts_loaded\",function(){gform.scriptsLoaded=!0}),document.addEventListener(\"gform\/theme\/scripts_loaded\",function(){gform.themeScriptsLoaded=!0}),window.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",function(){gform.domLoaded=!0}),gform={domLoaded:!1,scriptsLoaded:!1,themeScriptsLoaded:!1,isFormEditor:()=>\"function\"==typeof 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